I-Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) isetyenziswa ikakhulu njengokunciphisa ilahleko yolwelo, isikhuthazi se-viscosity kunye ne-rheological regulator kwi-drilling fluid.Eli phepha lichaza ngokufutshane izalathisi eziphambili zomzimba kunye nemichiza yePAC, ezifana viscosity, rheology, substitution uniformity, ubunyulu kunye netyuwa viscosity ratio, kudityaniswe nezalathi isicelo kwi-drilling fluid.
Ulwakhiwo olulodwa lwemolekyuli yePAC luyenza ibonise ukusebenza kwesicelo okugqwesileyo kumanzi amatsha, amanzi anetyuwa, amanzi olwandle kunye namanzi anetyuwa aphuphumayo.Xa isetyenziswa njengesinciphisi sokuhluza kulwelo lokomba, iPAC inamandla okulawula ilahleko yamanzi, kwaye ikeyiki yodaka eyenziwe ibhityile kwaye yomelele.Njenge-viscosifier, inokuphucula ngokukhawuleza i-viscosity ebonakalayo, i-viscosity yeplastiki kunye ne-shear force force ye-drilling fluid, kunye nokuphucula nokulawula i-rheology yodaka.Ezi zakhiwo zesicelo zihambelana ngokusondeleyo nezalathisi zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali zeemveliso zabo.
1. I-PAC viscosity kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kwi-drilling fluid
I-PAC viscosity luphawu lwesisombululo se-colloidal esakhiwe emva kokunyibilika emanzini.Ukuziphatha kwe-rheological yesisombululo sePAC kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwisicelo sayo.I-viscosity ye-PAC ihambelana neqondo le-polymerization, i-concentration yesisombululo kunye nobushushu.Ngokuqhelekileyo, iqondo eliphezulu le-polymerization, iphezulu i-viscosity;I-viscosity iye yanda ngokwanda koxinaniso lwePAC;I-viscosity yesisombululo iyancipha ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa.I-NDJ-79 okanye i-viscometer ye-Brookfield idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya i-viscosity kwiimpawu zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali zeemveliso zePAC.I-viscosity yeemveliso zePAC zilawulwa ngokweemfuno zesicelo.Xa i-PAC isetyenziswa njenge-tackifier okanye i-rheological regulator, i-viscosity ephezulu ye-PAC idla ngokufuneka (umzekelo wemveliso udla ngokuba yi-pac-hv, pac-r, njl.).Xa PAC ikakhulu isetyenziswa njenge ulwelo ilahleko reducer kwaye ayinyusi viscosity ulwelo kusombiwa okanye ukutshintsha rheology ukugrumba fluid ezisetyenziswayo, viscosity low PAC iimveliso ziyafuneka (imifuziselo imveliso idla pac-lv kunye pac-l).
Kwisicelo esisebenzayo, i-rheology ye-drilling fluid inxulumene: (1) ukukwazi ukukhupha amanzi okuthwala ukusika ukusika kunye nokucoca i-wellbore;(2) Amandla okulawula;(3) Ukuzinzisa udonga lweshaft;(4) Uyilo oluphuculweyo lweeparamitha zokomba.I-rheology ye-drilling fluid idla ngokuvavanywa yi-6-speed rotary viscometer: 600 rpm, 300 rpm, 200 rpm, 100 rpm kunye ne-6 rpm.Ukufundwa kwe-3 RPM kusetyenziselwa ukubala i-viscosity ebonakalayo, i-viscosity yeplastiki, i-dynamic force shear kunye ne-static shear force, ebonisa i-rheology ye-PAC kwi-drilling fluid.Kwakwimeko efanayo, kokukhona iphezulu i-viscosity ye-PAC, kokukhona iphezulu i-viscosity ebonakalayo kunye ne-plastiki viscosity, kwaye inkulu amandla aguquguqukayo okucheba kunye namandla okucheba angatshintshiyo.
Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zolwelo lokomba lwamanzi (ezifana nolwelo lokomba lwamanzi amatsha, ulwelo lokomba lwekhemikhali, ulwelo lokugaya unyango lwekhalsiyam, ulwelo lokomba olunetyuwa, ulwelo lokomba lwamanzi olwandle, njl.njl.), ngoko ke i-rheology yePAC ngokwahlukeneyo. iinkqubo zokwemba ulwelo zahlukile.Kwiinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokwemba ulwelo, kusenokubakho ukutenxa okukhulu ekuvavanyeni impembelelo kulwelo lwe-drilling fluid kuphela kwi-viscosity index ye-PAC.Ngokomzekelo, kwinkqubo yokugaya amanzi olwandle, ngenxa yesiqulatho setyuwa ephezulu, nangona imveliso ine-viscosity ephezulu, iqondo eliphantsi lokutshintshwa kwemveliso liya kukhokelela ekuxhathiseni ityuwa ephantsi yemveliso, okubangela ukuba i-viscosity ingabikho impembelelo ekhulayo. yemveliso kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa, ekhokelela kwi-viscosity ephantsi ebonakalayo, i-viscosity ephantsi yeplastiki kunye namandla aphantsi okucheba okuguquguqukayo kulwelo lokomba, okukhokelela kubuchule obuhlwempuzekileyo bolwelo lokomba ukuthwala ukusika, okunokukhokelela ekubambeni ngokunzulu. iimeko.
2.Idigri yokutshintsha kunye nokufana kwePAC kunye nokusebenza kwayo kwesicelo kulwelo lokomba
Iqondo lokutshintsha kweemveliso zePAC lidla ngokuba likhulu okanye lilingana no-0.9.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabavelisi abohlukeneyo, inqanaba lokutshintsha kweemveliso zePAC lahlukile.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iinkampani zenkonzo ye-oyile ziye zaqhubeka ziphucula iimfuno zokusebenza kwezicelo zeemveliso zePAC, kwaye imfuno yeemveliso zePAC ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokutshintsha iyanda.
Isidanga sokutshintsha kunye nokufana kwePAC kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo netyuwa ye-viscosity ratio, ukuxhathisa ityuwa kunye nokulahlekelwa kokucoca kwemveliso.Ngokubanzi, okukhona iphezulu iqondo endaweni yePAC, kokukhona ngcono ukufana endaweni, kwaye ngcono ityuwa viscosity ratio, ukuxhathisa ityuwa kunye nokuhluzwa kwemveliso.
Xa i-PAC ichithwe kwisisombululo esinamandla se-electrolyte inorganic ityuwa, i-viscosity yesisombululo iya kuncipha, okukhokelela kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yityuwa.Iiyoni ezilungileyo ze-ionized yityuwa kunye - coh2coo - Isenzo seqela le-anion le-H2O linciphisa (okanye lide liphelise) i-homoelectricity kwikhonkco lecala le-molecule ye-PAC.Ngenxa yokungonelanga kwamandla e-electrostatic repulsion, i-PAC ye-molecular chain curls kunye ne-deforms, kunye nezinye iibhondi ze-hydrogen phakathi kwe-molecular chain chain break, etshabalalisa isakhiwo sokuqala sendawo kwaye inciphisa ngokukodwa i-viscosity yamanzi.
Ukunganyangeki kwetyuwa yePAC idla ngokulinganiswa ngetyuwa ye-viscosity ratio (SVR).Xa ixabiso le-SVR liphezulu, iPAC ibonisa uzinzo oluhle.Ngokubanzi, okukhona iphezulu iqondo lokutshintshwa kunye nokungcono ukufana kokutshintsha, kokukhona liphezulu ixabiso le-SVR.
Xa i-PAC isetyenziswa njenge-filtrate reducer, inokuthi i-ionize ibe yi-long-chain multivalent anions kwi-drilling fluid.I-hydroxyl kunye namaqela e-oksijini ye-ether kwikhonkco layo leemolekyuli zenza i-hydrogen bond kunye ne-oksijini kumphezulu we-viscosity particles okanye i-form bond coordination bonds kunye ne-Al3 + kwi-bond breaking edge yamasuntswana odongwe, ukuze i-PAC ikwazi ukubhengezwa kudongwe;Ukufakwa kwamanzi kwamaqela amaninzi e-sodium carboxylate kutyebisa ifilimu ye-hydration kumphezulu wamasuntswana odongwe, kuthintela ukudityaniswa kwamasuntswana odongwe ukuba abe ngamasuntswana amakhulu ngenxa yokungqubana (ukhuseleko lweglue), kunye namasuntswana odongwe acolekileyo aya kubhengezwa kwitsheyini yemolekyuli yePAC apha. kwangelo xesha linye ukwenza isakhiwo womnatha exubeneyo egquma yonke inkqubo, ukuze kuphuculwe uzinzo aggregation amasuntswana viscosity, ukukhusela umxholo amasuntswana kulwelo kusombiwa kwaye wenze ikeyiki eludaka eshinyeneyo, Nciphisa ukuhluzwa.Ukuphakama kweqondo lokutshintshwa kweemveliso zePAC, umxholo ophezulu we-sodium carboxylate, ngcono ukufana kokutshintshwa, kwaye ifilimu ye-hydration iyunifomu, eyenza ukuba ifuthe lokukhusela ijeli yePAC kwi-drilling fluid, ngoko ngakumbi. ngokucacileyo umphumo wokunciphisa ilahleko yolwelo.
3. Ukucoceka kwePAC kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kulwelo lokomba
Ukuba inkqubo ye-drilling fluid yahlukile, i-dosage ye-ejenti yokucoca ulwelo kunye ne-arhente yonyango yahlukile, ngoko ke idosi ye-PAC kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokugaya ulwelo lunokwahluka.Ukuba i-dosage ye-PAC kwi-drilling fluid icacisiwe kwaye i-drilling fluid ine-rheology enhle kunye nokunciphisa ukuhluzwa, inokufezekiswa ngokulungisa ubunyulu.
Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, kokukhona ubunyulu bePAC, kokukhona imveliso ingcono.Nangona kunjalo, ukucoceka kwePAC kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso akukho nto iphezulu.Ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kwemveliso kunye nokucoceka kufuneka kumiselwe ngokweyona meko.
4. Ukusebenza kwesicelo sePAC antibacterial kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kwi-drilling fluid
Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ezinye microorganisms ziya kubangela PAC ukubola, ingakumbi phantsi kwesenzo cellulase kunye nencopho amylase, okubangela ukwaphuka PAC main chain kunye nokusekwa yokunciphisa iswekile, iqondo polymerization kuncipha, kunye viscosity isisombululo kuncipha. .Isakhono esichasene ne-enzayim yePAC ikakhulu sixhomekeke kwimo yemolekyuli yokutshintshwa kunye neqondo lokutshintsha.I-PAC ene-uniform yokutshintsha kakuhle kunye neqondo eliphezulu lokutshintshela inomsebenzi ongcono we-anti enzyme.Oku kungenxa yokuba ikhonkco elisecaleni elidityaniswe ziintsalela zeglucose linokuthintela ukubola kwe-enzyme.
Iqondo lokuthatha indawo ye-PAC liphezulu ngokwentelekiso, ngoko ke imveliso inokusebenza kakuhle kwe-antibacterial kwaye ayiyi kuvelisa ivumba elibolileyo ngenxa yokuvubela kusetyenziso lokwenene, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokongeza izithinteli ezikhethekileyo, ezilungele ukwakhiwa kwendawo.
Ngenxa yokuba iPAC ingenabungozi kwaye ayinabungozi, ayingcoliseki indalo esingqongileyo.Ukongezelela, inokubola phantsi kweemeko ezithile ze-microbial.Ngoko ke, kulula ukunyanga iPAC kulwelo lokomba inkunkuma, kwaye akunabungozi kokusingqongileyo emva konyango.Ke ngoko, iPAC yeyona nto ibalaseleyo yokhuselo lokusingqongileyo yokomba ulwelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-18-2021